What is the process of losing electrons in a redox reaction called?

In a redox reaction, the process of losing electrons is called oxidation. This term specifically refers to the removal of electrons from an atom or molecule, resulting in an increase in its oxidation state. When a substance undergoes oxidation, it is often accompanied by a reaction with oxygen or the formation of positive ions.

This concept is fundamental in understanding redox reactions because they always involve two halves: oxidation and reduction. While oxidation is the loss of electrons, reduction is the gain of electrons by another substance. The overall process illustrates how energy is transferred in chemical reactions, particularly in biological systems and various industrial applications.

The other terms provided have more specific meanings that do not relate to the loss of electrons in redox processes. For example, reduction describes the gain of electrons, while neutralization is a reaction between acids and bases that results in the formation of water and a salt. Hydrolysis involves the reaction of a substance with water, leading to the breakdown of compounds. Understanding these distinctions helps clarify the role of oxidation in redox chemistry.